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Structure of a Melt Pump

The structure of a melt pump primarily consists of the following key components:

I. Main Components

Pump Housing: Contains and supports other components, forming the space for melt flow.

Drive Gear and Driven Gear: Core working components that convey the melt through mutual meshing. The gear profiles, pump body, and side cover plates collectively form the pump's feed zone, conveying zone, and discharge zone.

Sliding Bearings: Support the gears and reduce friction. The melt pump utilizes self-lubrication from the melt, and lubrication grooves are typically machined into the sliding bearings.

Front and Rear End Plates: Together with the pump housing, they form a sealed working space.

Packing Seal (or other sealing methods): Prevents melt leakage and ensures normal pump operation.

II. Working Principle

A melt pump is a positive displacement conveying device where flow rate strictly correlates with pump speed. When gears rotate in the specified direction, melt enters the gear tooth cavities in the feed zone. As gears turn, melt is drawn into the conveying zone from both sides. Subsequent gear meshing forces melt from the cavities into the discharge zone, where it is pressurized into the outlet pipeline. As long as the pump shaft rotates, the gears continuously pressurize the melt toward the outlet side. Consequently, the pump outlet can achieve very high pressure, while the inlet flow and pressure requirements are not particularly stringent.

III. Structural Features

Compactness: The overall design is compact with a small footprint.

Reliability: Operates reliably and can function continuously under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

Efficiency: High volumetric efficiency with minimal shear force on the melt, enhancing product quality and dimensional accuracy.

IV. Types and Classification

Melt pumps can be categorized by tooth profile into straight-tooth, helical-tooth, and herringbone-tooth types; by sealing method into screw seals, packing seals, and mechanical seals. Different pump types suit varying operating conditions and requirements.

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